Ancient and medieval colonialism was practiced by the Phoenicians, Greeks, Turks, and Arabs.Ĭolonialism in the modern sense began with the " Age of Discovery", led by the Portuguese, who became increasingly expansionist following the conquest of Ceuta in 1415, aiming to control navigation through the Strait of Gibraltar, spread Christianity, amass wealth and plunder, and suppress predation on Portuguese populations by Barbary pirates as part of a longstanding African slave trade at that point a minor trade, one the Portuguese would soon reverse and surpass. The historical phenomenon of colonization is one that stretches around the globe and across time. Territories colonized by European, American and Japanese powers since 1492 For evaluation of European colonialism, see Analysis of Western European colonialism and colonization.
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